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Bánh chưng
''Bánh chưng'' is a traditional Vietnamese rice cake which is made from glutinous rice, mung beans, pork and other ingredients.〔Aruna Thaker, Arlene Barton ''Multicultural Handbook of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics'' 2012 Page 171 "Bánh chưng"〕 Its origin is told by the legend of Lang Liêu, a prince of the last king of the Sixth Hùng Dynasty, who became the successor thanks to his creation of ''bánh chưng'' and ''bánh dày'', which symbolized, respectively, the Earth and the Sky. Considered an essential element of the family altar on the occasion of ''tết'', the making and eating of ''bánh chưng'' during this time is a well-preserved tradition of Vietnamese people. Beside the ''tết'' holiday, ''bánh chưng'' is also eaten all year round as a delicacy of Vietnamese cuisine and one of the national dishes of Vietnam, in addition to ''chả giò'' and ''phở''.
==Origin and symbol==
According to the book ''Lĩnh Nam chích quái'' (''Extraordinary stories of Lĩnh Nam'') published in 1695, the creation of ''bánh chưng'' was credited to Lang Liêu, a prince of the last Hùng kings of the sixth dynasty (c. 1712 - 1632 BC). It was said that after the victory against the army of the Shang Dynasty, in choosing a successor among his sons, the monarch decided to carry out a competition in which each prince brought a delicacy representing the sincerity for the ancestors on the occasion of the ''tết'', whoever could introduce the most delicious dish for the altar would become the next ruler of the country. While other princes tried to find the rare and delicious foods from forest and sea, the eighteenth prince, Lang Liêu, who was the poorest son of the Hùng king, could not afford such luxurious dishes and had to be content with everyday ingredients, such as rice and pork. Finally, he created one cake in the square form of earth called ''bánh chưng'' and one in the round form of sky called ''bánh dày'' from these simple ingredients. In tasting the dishes offered by his son, the Hùng king found ''bánh chưng'' and ''bánh dày'' not only delicious but also a fine representation of the respect for ancestors. Therefore, he decided to cede the throne to Lang Liêu and ''bánh chưng'', ''bánh dày'' became traditional foods during the ''tết''.〔 Lang Liêu founded the Seventh Hùng dynasty (c. 1631 - 1432 BC).
Considered an indispensable dish of the Tết, bánh chưng is placed in the family altars in order to honor the ancestors and pray them to support the family in the new year. Wrapped in a green square package, bánh chưng symbolizes the Earth,〔 the variant ingredients of bánh chưng which comes from all the products of nature also emphasize the meaning of bánh chưng with Vietnamese people.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Bánh chưng」の詳細全文を読む
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